plants
2,568 rows
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Suggested facets: life_form, habitat, light_span, plant_type, absolute_min_temp, optimal_min_ph, optimal_min_light, optimal_max_light, absolute_min_light, absolute_max_light, soil_depth_required, soil_depth_rating, soil_texture_required, soil_texture_rating, fertilizer_required, fertilizer_rating, toxicity_tolerance, toxicity_rating, salt_tolerance, salt_tolerance_rating, drainage_required, drainage_rating, killing_temp, photosynthesis_type, abiotic_susceptibility, introgression, prosystem
| Link | rowid ▼ | eco_port_code | scientific_name | author | family_name | synonym | common_name | life_form | habitat | light_span | physiology | category | plant_type | optimal_min_temp | optimal_max_temp | absolute_min_temp | absolute_max_temp | optimal_min_rainfall | optimal_max_rainfall | absolute_min_rainfall | absolute_max_rainfall | optimal_min_ph | optimal_max_ph | absolute_min_ph | absolute_max_ph | optimal_min_latitude | optimal_max_latitude | absolute_min_latitude | absolute_max_latitude | max_altitude | optimal_min_light | optimal_max_light | absolute_min_light | absolute_max_light | soil_depth_required | soil_depth_rating | soil_texture_required | soil_texture_rating | fertilizer_required | fertilizer_rating | toxicity_tolerance | toxicity_rating | salt_tolerance | salt_tolerance_rating | drainage_required | drainage_rating | killing_temp_rating | killing_temp | photosynthesis_type | climatic_zone | absolute_tolerance | abiotic_susceptibility | introgression | prosystem | min_growing_days | max_growing_days |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 289 | Abelmoschus esculentus | (L.) Moench | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Malvales:Malvaceae | Hibiscus esculentus L. | abelmoskus, america-neri, bakhua mun, bamia, bamija, bamya, bandakai, bende', bhindee, bhindi, bindi, bumbo, bunga depros, calulu', cantarella, chaucha turca, dâu bap, Eibisch, frutto dibisco, gobbo, gombaut, gombo, Gombro, haluyoy, huang qiu kui, ibisco, kacang bendi, kacang lender, kembang dapros, ketmie comestible, kopi arab, krachiap man, krachiapkhieo, lady fingers, lady's finger, mesta, ocra, okay, oker, okra, okro, okura, quiabo, quimbambo, quimgombó, quingombo, ramturai, rosenapfel, saluyota bunga, sayur bendi, tori, tuah lek, vendakai, yong kok dau | herb | erect | annual | single stem | vegetables | grown on large scale | 20 | 30 | 12 | 35 | 600 | 1200 | 300 | 2500 | 5.5 | 7 | 4.5 | 8.7 | NA | NA | 35 | 40 | 1000 | clear skies | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | 50 | 180 | ||||||
| 2 | 2 | 290 | Abelmoschus manihot | (L.) Medic. | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Malvales:Malvaceae | Hibiscus manihot L. (1753), Abelmoschus manihot ssp. manihot [(L)]; Medikus | neka (Simbo), bele (Fiji), pele (Tonga, Tuvalu), aibika, island cabbage, baera, bush spinach, peli, slippery cabbage (Solomon Is.), bush cabbage, slipery kabis | shrub | erect | annual, perennial | vegetables, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic | grown on small scale | 22 | 30 | 16 | 36 | 1200 | 2000 | 1000 | 3000 | 5.5 | 7 | 5 | 8 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1200 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 365 | 365 | |||||||
| 3 | 3 | 291 | Abelmoschus moschatus | Medic. | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Malvales:Malvaceae | Hibiscus abelmoschus L. (1753). | abelmosk, musk mallow, mushkdan, muskdana, kasturi bhendi, gukhia korai, kasturi bhenda, kattukasturi, varttilai kasturi, lalkasturika, musk okra, ambrette, abelmosco, ambreta, rosa almiscarada, quiabo cheiroso, kasturi, gombo musqué, ketmie musquée, graine de musc, kamang, kamang, karereon, karereon nikapwerik nik, kareron, likonokon, gongul, metei, mety, methey, hathongethong, kamwayang, nikapwerik, setmwechin, sotumo, wakiwaki, wakewake, wakeke, vakeke, aukiki, oee, fou ingo, fau ingo, aute toga, fau tagaloa, fua samasama, loa, fauingo, tropical jewel-hibiscus | herb, sub-shrub | prostrate/procumbent/semi-erect | annual, biennial, perennial | deciduous, multi stem | ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic | 20 | 30 | 10 | 35 | 1000 | 1400 | 900 | 1500 | 5.5 | 7 | 5 | 8 | NA | NA | 23 | 29 | 900 | cloudy skies | very bright | light shade | very bright | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, organic | medium, organic | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | tropical wet & dry (Aw) | can become a weed | 0 | 0 | |||||||
| 4 | 4 | 295 | Acacia auriculiformis | Cunn. ex Benth. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | Racosperma auriculiforme (A. Cunn. ex Benth.) Pedley | Papuan wattle, auri, ear leaf acacia, tuhkehn pwelmwahu (Pohnpei), black wattle, ear pod wattle, wattle, earleaf acacia | tree | erect | perennial | single stem | forest/wood | grown on large scale | 24 | 32 | 10 | 40 | 1200 | 2500 | 500 | 5000 | 6 | 8 | 3 | 9.5 | 10 | 7 | 17 | 20 | 600 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | low | low | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | fire, drought | 180 | 240 | |||||
| 5 | 5 | 297 | Acacia farnesiana | (L.) Willd. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | Mimosa farnesiana L., Mimosa acicularis Poir., Acacia lenticulata F. Muell., Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn., Acacia comosa Gagnep. | Ellington curse, klu, cassie, espino blanco, aroma, popinac, kandaroma, kolu, vaivai vaka-vatona, vaivai vakavotona, ban baburi, oki, te kaibakoa (Kiribati), debena (Nauru), mimosa bush, needle bush, sweet acacia, Prickly Moses, Perfumed wattle, Cassie flower, Sweet Mimosa Bush, Sponge flower, Scented Wattle | tree | erect | perennial | single stem | materials, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic, environmental | grown on small scale | 20 | 32 | 7 | 42 | 400 | 1400 | 150 | 4000 | 6.5 | 7 | 4.3 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 36 | 36 | 1300 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | low | low | low (<4 dS/m) | high (>10 dS/m)) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical dry summer (Cs) | can become a weed | 60 | 240 | |||||
| 6 | 6 | 298 | Acacia holosericea | A. Cunn. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | Strap wattle, Candelabra wattle | shrub, tree | erect | perennial | single stem, multi stem | ornamentals/turf, forest/wood, environmental | grown on small scale | 24 | 32 | 12 | 45 | 600 | 1200 | 250 | 1600 | 5.5 | 7.5 | 4.5 | 8.5 | 13 | 11 | 22 | 24 | 750 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | -1 | -1 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), steppe or semiarid (Bs) | 120 | 300 | |||||||
| 7 | 7 | 299 | Acacia mellifera | (Vahl) Benth. | Leguminosae | Mimosa mellifera | Kitr | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 8 | 8 | 318 | Adenanthera pavonina | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | Acacia Coral, adenantero, Agati, Agati Petite Feuille, Arbreglise, Barbados coralwood, Barbados pride, bead tree, Bois Noir de Bourbon, Bois Noir la Graine, Bois Noir Rouge, Bois Noir, caralillo, caralín, carolina, chantrèi, circassian bean, circassian seed, Corail Vegetale, Coral Wood, coral, Coralitos, coralitos peonía, crab's eyes, Curly Bean, Deleite, Delicia, Dilmawi, église, Extranjera, flower-fence, Graine-rglisse, Graines Rouges, Jumbi Bead, Lglise, jumbie bead, kitoke laut, Lagati, lam, legliz, Lera, lopa, ma clam ta cheng, ma clam ton, ma hok daeng, mai-chek, malatinglin, mangelim, olho de pavao, Paina, peacock flower-fence, peronía, peronías, Pitipitio, Pomea, Popoa, Rglisse, raktakambal, Red Bead Tree, Red Sandalwood Tree, Red Sandalwood, reglisse, saga telik, saga tumpul, saga, sandal bead tree, segawe sabrang, suga, temo-carolina, tento carolina, Vaivai Ni Vavalagired, sandalwood tree, zumbic tree | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | forage/pasture, vegetables, materials, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic, forest/wood, environmental | 22 | 28 | 12 | 36 | 3000 | 5000 | 2000 | 6000 | 5 | 7 | 4.5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 30 | 35 | 400 | cloudy skies | clear skies | light shade | very bright | deep (>>150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light, wide, organic | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf) | wind | 365 | 365 | ||||||||
| 9 | 9 | 326 | Aeschynomene americana | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | American joint vetch, bastard sensitive plant | shrub | erect | annual, perennial | multi stem | forage/pasture | grown on large scale, grown on small scale | 22 | 30 | 7 | 35 | 1000 | 1500 | 600 | 4000 | 5.5 | 7 | 4 | 8 | NA | NA | 30 | 30 | 2800 | clear skies | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf) | drought, flooding | 60 | 220 | ||||||
| 10 | 10 | 329 | Agathis australis | (Lamb.) Steud. | Pinopsida:Araucariaceae | Dammara australis Lamb. | New Zealand kauri | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem | forest/wood | 14 | 24 | 5 | 32 | 1200 | 1600 | 1000 | 2000 | 4.8 | 5.5 | 4.5 | 6.5 | 34 | 34 | 38 | 38 | 400 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -17 | -1 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | subtropical humid (Cf) | wind | 150 | 240 | ||||||
| 11 | 11 | 331 | Agathis macrophylla | (Lindl.) Mast. | Pinopsida:Araucariaceae | kauri, kauri pine | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem | environmental | harvested from wild | 22 | 32 | 10 | 40 | 4000 | 5000 | 2000 | 7000 | 4.5 | 6 | 4 | 6.5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 480 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | light shade | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet (Ar) | 300 | 365 | ||||||||
| 12 | 12 | 333 | Agathis robusta | (F.J. Muell.) F.M. Bailey | Pinopsida:Araucariaceae | South Queensland kauri | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem | forest/wood | harvested from wild | 18 | 30 | 6 | 38 | 1500 | 3000 | 900 | 5000 | 5.5 | 7 | 4.2 | 8.1 | 15 | 15 | 27 | 27 | 900 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | deep (>>150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | -2 | 0 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), subtropical humid (Cf) | 210 | 300 | |||||||
| 13 | 13 | 339 | Agave sisalana | Perrine ex Engelm. | Liliopsida:Liliidae:Asparagales:Agavaceae | Agave rigida var. sisalana Engelmann | sisal hemp, Bahama hemp, dali, agave, sisal., ndali, natali (Fiji) | herb | erect, acaulescent (or rosette plants) | perennial | evergreen, single stem | materials, environmental | grown on large scale | 15 | 27 | 10 | 45 | 900 | 1250 | 500 | 1800 | 6 | 7.5 | 5.5 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 25 | 25 | 2000 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | -5 | -5 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | 150 | 270 | ||||||
| 14 | 14 | 347 | Albizia falcataria | (L.) Fosb. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | Albizia moluccana | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | materials, forest/wood, environmental | grown on small scale | 22 | 31 | 17 | 40 | 2000 | 4000 | 1000 | 5500 | 5.5 | 7.3 | 4.5 | 8.5 | NA | NA | 5 | 10 | 2000 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 270 | 365 | |||||||
| 15 | 15 | 349 | Albizia lebbeck | (L.) Benth. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | Acacia lebbeck (L.) Willd., Acacia speciosa (Jacq.) Willd., Albizia latifolia Boivin, Mimosa lebbeck L., Mimosa sirissa Roxb. | lebbek tree, siris-tree, rain tree, East Indian walnut, woman's-tongue tree, woman's tongue tree, chatterbox tree, kokko, bois noir, cha-cha, langue de vieille femme, ébénier d'orient, acacia de lebbek, albizia, acacia siras, coracao de negro, pau-negro, ebano oriental | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | forage/pasture, materials, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic, forest/wood, environmental | grown on large scale | 26 | 36 | 12 | 48 | 600 | 2000 | 500 | 2500 | 6 | 7 | 5.5 | 8.5 | 11 | 11 | 27 | 27 | 1600 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium | heavy, medium, light | low | low | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf) | 180 | 300 | ||||||
| 16 | 16 | 350 | Albizia procera | (Roxb.) Benth. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | Acacia procera (Roxb.) Willd., Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth var. elata (Roxb.) Bak., Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth. var. roxburghiana Fournier, Mimosa elata Roxb., Mimosa procera Roxb. | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | materials, forest/wood, environmental | grown on small scale | 20 | 33 | 10 | 45 | 1500 | 2500 | 780 | 5100 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 20 | 20 | 1200 | very bright | very bright | very bright | light shade | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw) | can become a weed | 150 | 270 | ||||||
| 17 | 17 | 352 | Albizia stipulata | (Roxb.) H.L. Boivin | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | tamalini | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | forest/wood, environmental | 22 | 34 | 4 | 43 | 2000 | 2400 | 1100 | 5000 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 5 | 7.5 | 20 | 20 | 30 | 30 | 1300 | very bright | cloudy skies | very bright | light shade | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium | medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | -1 | -1 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw) | 210 | 300 | ||||||||
| 18 | 18 | 353 | Aleurites fordii | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Euphorbiales:Euphorbiaceae | Vernicia fondii | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | materials, environmental | 17 | 22 | 10 | 28 | 1000 | 1200 | 750 | 1400 | 6 | 7 | 5.3 | 7.5 | 29 | 29 | 32 | 32 | 1000 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium | medium | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | subtropical dry summer (Cs) | wind | 240 | 300 | ||||||||
| 19 | 19 | 354 | Aleurites moluccana | (L)Willd | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Euphorbiales:Euphorbiaceae | Aleurites triloba Forst., Croton moluccanus L. | candlenut, tuitui (Tonga), lama, Candle nut | tree | erect | perennial | single stem | materials | grown on small scale | 18 | 28 | 14 | 32 | 1000 | 1800 | 600 | 4300 | 5 | 8 | 4.3 | 8.5 | NA | NA | 20 | 30 | 1200 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium | medium | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs) | 240 | 365 | ||||||
| 20 | 20 | 355 | Aleurites montana | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Euphorbiales:Euphorbiaceae | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | materials, environmental | grown on small scale | 25 | 30 | 18 | 34 | 1500 | 2100 | 1000 | 2500 | 5 | 6.5 | 4.5 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 35 | 35 | 1800 | clear skies | cloudy skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), subtropical dry summer (Cs) | 240 | 300 | |||||||||
| 21 | 21 | 363 | Allium ampeloprasum | L. | Liliopsida:Liliidae:Asparagales:Alliaceae | wild leek, vine leek, Levant garlic, alho porro bravo, liiki | herb | erect | annual, biennial | single stem | vegetables | grown on large scale | 18 | 24 | 6 | 27 | 750 | 1000 | 350 | 2800 | 6 | 6.5 | 4.5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 60 | 60 | 1000 | clear skies | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -5 | -5 | long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | 120 | 150 | |||||||
| 22 | 22 | 364 | Allium cepa | L. | Liliopsida:Liliidae:Asparagales:Alliaceae | Allium ascalonicum L., Cepa rotunda Dod., Allium esculentum Salisb., Allium porrum cepa Rehb. | onion, potato onion, shallot, echalote, oignon, cebolla, basal, cebola, cipolla, Zwiebel, Küchenzwiebel, lök, rödlök, løg, rødløg, kepaløk, ruokasipuli, ui, ajuin, mózespecsenye, zsidószalonna, hagyma, vöröshagyma, zöldhagyma, újhagyma (green onion), cibule, ceba, cepo, sercajo, spritajo, uinnean, Bulbus Allii Cepae, uie, luk, cebula jadalna, sogan, pias, kremmídi, laukur, yang-ts'ung, chung, cong, ts'ung, chung tau, ts'ung tau, yang ts'ung, tamanegi, atasuki, wakegi, kalik, piaz, piyaz, varosa, key shinkurt, ponoru, pianj, kesunni, kyet-thun-ni, harili sibul, dungari, yarok, batzal, bawang merah, bawang daun, daun bawang (green leaf), nirulli, khtim slek, khtim kraham, phak bouo, bawang daun (green leaf), ulli, kanda, piaja, ayun, peyaz, ceapã, palandu, lunu, kitunguu, sibuyas, irulli, vengayam, ton hom, hua hom, hanh, lasóna | herb | erect | biennial | vegetables, medicinals & aromatic | grown on large scale | 12 | 25 | 4 | 30 | 350 | 600 | 300 | 2800 | 6 | 7 | 4.3 | 8.3 | NA | NA | 60 | 60 | 2000 | clear skies | clear skies | cloudy skies | very bright | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, organic | wide, organic | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | home garden, large scale/commercial | 85 | 175 | ||||||
| 23 | 23 | 365 | Allium fistulosum | L. | Liliopsida:Liliidae:Asparagales:Alliaceae | branching onion, Spanish onion, Japanese bunching onion, chibol, Spring onion, stone leek, Japanese leek, Welsh onion, ceboleta de Espanha | herb | erect | annual, perennial | vegetables | grown on large scale | 12 | 25 | 6 | 30 | 850 | 1600 | 700 | 2500 | 6.6 | 7.4 | 5.5 | 8.5 | NA | NA | 60 | 60 | 2000 | clear skies | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc) | 60 | 160 | ||||||||
| 24 | 24 | 367 | Allium sativum | L. | Liliopsida:Liliidae:Asparagales:Alliaceae | Porrum sativum Reh. | garlic, cultivated garlic, ail, aglio, ajo, kaliki, Knoblauch, vitlök, hvidløg, thum, knoflook, alho, alho de cultura, chesnok, ninniku, suan, Bulbus Allii Sativi, garlic oil | herb | erect | biennial | single stem | vegetables, medicinals & aromatic | grown on large scale | 18 | 30 | 7 | 35 | 750 | 1600 | 500 | 2700 | 6 | 6.6 | 5 | 8.5 | NA | NA | 60 | 60 | 2200 | clear skies | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | high | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -5 | -5 | long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | humidity | home garden, large scale/commercial | 90 | 120 | ||||
| 25 | 25 | 379 | Alstonia scholaris | (L.) R. Br. | Magnoliopsida:Asteridae:Gentianales:Apocynaceae | Echites scholaris | devil's tree, white cheesewood tree, alstonia, dita bark tree, Australian fever bark tree, Australian quinine bark tree, bitter-bark tree, blackboard tree, chatiyan wood, shaitan, chattun, chatian, chhatiwan, chatiwan, tin pet, dita, khaaniqat al-kalab, shajaratah fi asya al-harrah, scholarsi, may màn, mò cua, mùa cua, co tin pát, palai, pasuit, phaya sattaban, sattaban, polai, sachina, satavan, satuna, alipauen, dalipauen, lava, lipauen, dirita, tanitan, tangitang, andarayan, voplai, chatina (santal), saptaparni (kandha), dubedi (kandha) | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem | materials, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic, forest/wood | grown on small scale | 22 | 28 | 12 | 36 | 1200 | 3000 | 1100 | 3800 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 4.5 | 7.5 | 5 | NA | 15 | 21.5 | 1000 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | deep (>>150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 300 | 365 | ||||||
| 26 | 26 | 390 | Amaranthus cruentus | L. | Magnoliopsida:Caryophyllidae:Caryophyllales:Amaranthaceae | Amaranthus paniculatus | whitespot, giant arum, purple amaranth | herb | erect | annual | cereals & pseudocereals, forage/pasture, vegetables | grown on small scale | 22 | 28 | 10 | 45 | 2000 | 2400 | 500 | 4000 | 5.5 | 7 | 4.3 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 20 | 40 | 1200 | very bright | very bright | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | 4 | 0 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | home garden, small scale (manual) | 30 | 300 | ||||||
| 27 | 27 | 391 | Amaranthus sp. | Magnoliopsida:Caryophyllidae:Caryophyllales:Amaranthaceae | amaranth, kata natay, chulai | herb | erect | annual | single stem, multi stem, C4 photosynthesis | vegetables | grown on large scale, grown on small scale | 19 | 30 | 7 | 45 | 1100 | 1400 | 200 | 4200 | 5.5 | 7.5 | 4.3 | 8.5 | NA | NA | 30 | 30 | 1200 | very bright | very bright | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | 4 | 0 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), desert or arid (Bw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf) | 30 | 300 | ||||||||
| 28 | 28 | 400 | Amorphophallus paeoniifolius | (Dennst.) Nicolson | Liliopsida:Arecidae:Arecales:Palmae | Amorphophallus campanulatus Blume | elephant foot yam, elephant yam, yam | herb | erect | perennial | single stem | vegetables | grown on small scale | 28 | 35 | 25 | 40 | 1000 | 1500 | 900 | 1800 | 5.5 | 6.2 | 5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 20 | 20 | 1000 | clear skies | clear skies | cloudy skies | very bright | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, organic | medium, organic | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | 5 | 0 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 220 | 350 | ||||||
| 29 | 29 | 401 | Anacardium occidentale | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Sapindales:Anacardiaceae | mamuang himmaphan, yaruang, mamuang letlor, cashew, cashew nut, acajou á pomme, noix d'acajou, marañon, casho, cashu, cajou, anacardier, caju, acajú, kasjoe, mereke, kaju, apu initia, kesiu, cashewnuss, cashewbaum, jambu mortyet, jambu mede, gajus, jambu monyet, kasoy, balubad, balogo, thiho thayet si, svaay chantii, dao lon hot, cay dieu, nut-cashew | shrub, tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem, multi stem, C3 photosynthesis | fruits & nuts, medicinals & aromatic | grown on large scale | 15 | 35 | 5 | 46 | 750 | 1600 | 400 | 4000 | 4.5 | 6.5 | 3.8 | 8.7 | NA | NA | 25 | 30 | 1200 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | 190 | 260 | |||||||
| 30 | 30 | 402 | Ananas comosus | Merr. | Liliopsida:Zingiberidae:Bromeliales:Bromeliaceae | Ananas sativus Schult. f., Ananassa sativa Lindl., Bromelia ananas L., Bromelia comosa L. | pineapple, pina, po lo mah, ananas, abacaxi, vadra, vainaviu, andras, hukifa, fala'aiga, faina, ara painapa (Cooks), balawa, fala papalagi, painapolo (Tuvalu), sub-pah-rohd | herb | erect | perennial | single stem | fruits & nuts | grown on large scale | 21 | 30 | 10 | 36 | 800 | 2500 | 550 | 3500 | 4.5 | 8 | 3.5 | 9 | NA | NA | 25 | 33 | 1800 | clear skies | cloudy skies | very bright | light shade | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf) | 330 | 365 | ||||||
| 31 | 31 | 411 | Annona muricata | L. | Magnoliopsida:Magnoliidae:Magnoliales:Annonaceae | soursop, corossol épineux, Stachelannone, zuurzak, guanabana, sirsak, nangka belanda, nangka seberang, durian belanda, durian benggala, durian makkah, saua sap, guayabano, atti, llabanos, tiep banla, tiep barang, khan thalot, khièp thét, thurian-thet, thurian-khaek, rian-nam, mang câù xiê, seremaia, sarifa, talapo fotofoto, sasalapa, 'apeli'initia, apeli'initia, sapsap | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, semi evergreen, single stem | fruits & nuts, vegetables, medicinals & aromatic, environmental | grown on small scale | 20 | 30 | 13 | 36 | 1200 | 2200 | 800 | 4200 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 4.5 | 8 | NA | NA | 20 | 30 | 1200 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | deep (>>150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium | heavy, medium, light | moderate | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 180 | 365 | |||||||
| 32 | 32 | 412 | Annona reticulata | L. | Magnoliopsida:Magnoliidae:Magnoliales:Annonaceae | custard apple, bullock's heart, sugar apple, anona, anona colodado, anona rosada, corazon, coracao de boi, cahuex, pox, qualtzapotl, tzimuy | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | fruits & nuts | grown on small scale | 23 | 27 | 7 | 34 | 1200 | 1400 | 600 | 2200 | 5 | 7.5 | 4.5 | 8 | 5 | NA | 25 | 25 | 1500 | clear skies | very bright | light shade | very bright | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -3 | 0 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | home garden | 210 | 270 | ||||||
| 33 | 33 | 414 | Annona squamosa | L. | Magnoliopsida:Magnoliidae:Magnoliales:Annonaceae | sugar apple, sweetsop, scaly custard apple, custard apple, zuckerapfel, stachelanone, cherimoya, attier, poreroe cannelle, pomme cannelle, anon, anon de azucar, anona de castilla, fruta do conde, scopappel, kaneelappel, fan-li-chi, sirkaja, sarikaja, atis, ata, luna, meba, sharifa, sarifa, sitaphal, sita pandu, nona sri kaya, bnah nona, seri kaya, tiep baay, tiep, mang cau ta, noinah, manonah, makkhiap, lanang, mak khbieb, na, mang caua ta, qu a na | shrub, tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, deciduous, single stem, multi stem | fruits & nuts | grown on large scale, harvested from wild | 23 | 30 | 11 | 41 | 800 | 1200 | 570 | 4000 | 7 | 8 | 4.3 | 8.5 | NA | NA | 15 | 25 | 1000 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | deep (>>150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical dry summer (Cs) | wind | large scale/commercial | 210 | 270 | |||||
| 34 | 34 | 418 | Anthocephalus chinensis | A. Rich. ex Walp. | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | forest/wood, environmental | grown on small scale | 22 | 35 | 15 | 42 | 1800 | 2600 | 1300 | 5100 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 10 | 27 | 1300 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | high | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | flooding | 270 | 365 | ||||||||
| 35 | 35 | 431 | Apium graveolens | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Apiales:Umbelliferae | Sium apium Roth., Sium graveolens Vest., Seseli graveolens Scop. | wild celery, celery, celery seed, apio, celeri, Sellerie, selleri, karafs, selderij, sedano, aipo, syel'derey, serorii, ch'in, Apii folium, seldery | herb | erect | biennial | deciduous | vegetables, medicinals & aromatic | grown on small scale | 15 | 21 | 5 | 25 | 700 | 1300 | 500 | 1500 | 6 | 6.8 | 5.5 | 7.5 | 40 | 10 | 60 | 65 | 2000 | cloudy skies | clear skies | cloudy skies | very bright | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, organic | medium, organic | high | moderate | medium (4-10 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | NA | NA | tropical wet & dry (Aw), subtropical dry summer (Cs), temperate oceanic (Do) | flooding | 40 | 150 | ||||||
| 36 | 36 | 432 | Apium graveolens var. dulce | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Apiales:Umbelliferae | celery | herb | erect, acaulescent (or rosette plants) | annual, biennial | single stem | vegetables, materials | grown on small scale | 18 | 25 | 4 | 28 | 1000 | 1300 | 300 | 2800 | 5.8 | 6.8 | 4.5 | 8.3 | 20 | 10 | 55 | 60 | 2000 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light, organic | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -5 | -1 | long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical dry summer (Cs), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw), boreal (E) | home garden, small scale (manual) | 80 | 160 | ||||||
| 37 | 37 | 443 | Araucaria cunninghamii | Aiton ex D. Don | Pinopsida:Araucariaceae | Altingia cunninghamii G. Don., Araucaria beccarii Warb. | hoop pine, colonial pine, Richmond river pine, alloa, ningwik, pien | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem | fruits & nuts, ornamentals/turf, forest/wood | 18 | 28 | 5 | 34 | 1000 | 2000 | 800 | 4800 | 5 | 6.5 | 4.5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 30 | 32 | 2800 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium | heavy, medium, light | high | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | -5 | -1 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), subtropical humid (Cf) | wind, coastal salt spray | 210 | 300 | ||||||
| 38 | 38 | 449 | Areca catechu | L. | Liliopsida:Arecidae:Arecales:Palmae | Areca macrocalyx Zippelius ex Blume | betel nut palm, betel nut, arecanut, areca nut, areca palm, betel palm, Arekapalme, noix d`arec, Betelnusspalme, Iburu (Simbo), heta (Roviana), buai, kabibi, Arecae semen, Semen arecae, Nuces arecae, Ping lang, arequier, supari, pinang, gua, adike, kamuya, poka-vakka, kun, thamul, adikke, aakkamaram, kavungu, pophal, kamugu, pakku maram, vakka | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem | fruits & nuts, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic | grown on small scale | 16 | 33 | 7 | 39 | 1500 | 3000 | 750 | 5000 | 5.5 | 6 | 4.5 | 6.8 | NA | NA | 20 | 22 | 1000 | cloudy skies | light shade | very bright | light shade | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 240 | 365 | ||||||
| 39 | 39 | 459 | Artocarpus heterophyllus | Lam. | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Urticales:Moraceae | Artocarpus philippensis Lamk (1789), Artocarpus brasiliensis Gomez (1812), Artocarpus maxima Blanco (1837)., Artocarpus integer (Thunb.) Merrill, Artocarpus integrifolia auct., Artocarpus integrifolia L.F & A. integra Merr., Artocarpus integrifolia L.F, Artocarpus integra Merr. | jack fruit, jackfruit, jacquiet, nangka, nongko, kapiak, langka, peignai, khnadr, miiz, miiz hnang, khanun, makmi, banun, mít, Mfenesi | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem | fruits & nuts, medicinals & aromatic, forest/wood | grown on large scale | 20 | 30 | 16 | 34 | 1500 | 3000 | 700 | 4200 | 5.5 | 7.5 | 4.3 | 8 | NA | NA | 25 | 30 | 1600 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | deep (>>150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | drought, flooding | 210 | 365 | |||||
| 40 | 40 | 465 | Arundo donax | L. | Liliopsida:Commelinidae:Cyperales:Gramineae | Donax arundinaceus Beauv. | giant reed, gasau ni vavalagi, wild cane | grass | erect | perennial | forage/pasture, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic | harvested from wild | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | wide | wide | NA | NA | subtropical dry summer (Cs), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc) | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 41 | 41 | 468 | Asparagus officinalis | L. | Liliopsida:Liliidae:Asparagales:Asparagaceae | Asparagus altilis Asch. | asparagus, espárrago, aspargo, Spargel | herb | erect | perennial | multi stem | vegetables, medicinals & aromatic | grown on large scale | 15 | 30 | 6 | 38 | 800 | 1200 | 500 | 4000 | 6 | 6.7 | 4.5 | 8.2 | NA | NA | 60 | 60 | 2600 | very bright | very bright | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, organic | medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -5 | -1 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | large scale/commercial, protected cultivation | 210 | 270 | |||||
| 42 | 42 | 478 | Asystasia gangetica | (L) T. Anders. | Magnoliopsida:Asteridae:Scrophulariales:Acanthaceae | asystasia, isihobo | herb | erect | annual | multi stem | forage/pasture, materials, environmental | grown on small scale | 23 | 28 | 8 | 37 | 1000 | 1500 | 700 | 2500 | 4 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | cloudy skies | heavy shade | clear skies | heavy shade | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 42 | 365 | |||||||
| 43 | 43 | 481 | Avena sativa | L. | Liliopsida:Commelinidae:Cyperales:Gramineae | oat, oats, hawer, hafer, avena, avoine, avoine farine, vanlig havre, havre, almindelig havre, peltokaura, kaura, akurhafrar, saat-hafer | grass | erect | annual | cereals & pseudocereals, cover crop | grown on large scale | 16 | 20 | 5 | 30 | 600 | 1000 | 250 | 1500 | 5 | 6 | 4.5 | 7.5 | 45 | 40 | 60 | 60 | NA | very bright | very bright | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -15 | -1 | neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), desert or arid (Bw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | 110 | 270 | ||||||||
| 44 | 44 | 482 | Averrhoa bilimbi | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Geraniales:Oxalidaceae | blimbi, kamrakh, Bilimbi, Tree cucumber | tree | erect | perennial | single stem | fruits & nuts, materials, medicinals & aromatic, forest/wood, environmental | grown on small scale | 23 | 30 | 10 | 36 | 1200 | 2300 | 700 | 4000 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 5 | 8.3 | NA | NA | 20 | 25 | 1200 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium, light, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | -3 | -1 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | wind | 140 | 365 | ||||||
| 45 | 45 | 483 | Averrhoa carambola | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Geraniales:Oxalidaceae | five corner, carambola, carambole, wi ni jaina, wi ni idia, kamrakh, star fruit, Faiv kona, karmara, belimbing pessegi, belimbing saji, belimbing batu, belembing pessegi, belembing sayur, kambola, balimbin, galangan, garahan, sirinato, wou-lien, caykhe (Indochina), vinagrillo (Dominican Rep.), mamoncillo chino (Panama), ziblime (Haiti), carnico, Indian cucumber, turiguno, cayenne lime, Chinese tamarind, sweet tamarind | shrub, tree | erect | perennial | single stem, multi stem | fruits & nuts, materials, medicinals & aromatic | grown on small scale | 24 | 30 | 5 | 39 | 1200 | 2000 | 600 | 3000 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 5 | 8.5 | NA | NA | 30 | 32 | 1200 | light shade | light shade | cloudy skies | light shade | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium, light, organic | heavy, medium, light, wide, organic | moderate | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -2 | -1 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | wind | flooding | 240 | 365 | |||||
| 46 | 46 | 485 | Axonopus compressus | (Sw.) P. Beauv. | grass | erect | multi stem | forage/pasture, ornamentals/turf, environmental, weed | grown on small scale | 23 | 30 | 16 | 35 | 1000 | 4000 | 775 | 5000 | 5.5 | 6 | 5 | 7 | NA | NA | 27 | 27 | 2300 | clear skies | light shade | very bright | heavy shade | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf) | can become a weed | 150 | 180 | |||||||||
| 47 | 47 | 493 | Bambusa vulgaris | Schrad. | Liliopsida:Commelinidae:Cyperales:Gramineae | common bamboo, feathery bamboo, bambu' vulgar, Mambu, Murangi, golden bamboo | grass | erect | perennial | evergreen, multi stem | materials, environmental | grown on small scale | 22 | 28 | 9 | 32 | 1200 | 2500 | 700 | 4500 | 5 | 6 | 4.5 | 6.5 | 15 | NA | 25 | 40 | NA | cloudy skies | light shade | clear skies | light shade | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | 300 | 365 | |||||||
| 48 | 48 | 501 | Barringtonia racemosa | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Lecythidales:Lecythidaceae | Barringtonia insignis Miq., Barringtonia pallida (Miers) Koord. & Valeton, Barringtonia salomonensis Rech. | poeierkwasboom, kye-bin, kyi, brack-water mangrove, common putat, freshwater mangrove, hippo apple, powder-puff tree, wild guava, apalang, butan darat, penggung, putat sungai, som pawng, putat ayam, putat ayer, putat aying, putat kampong, chik ban, chik suan, mangrove | tree | erect | perennial | single stem | vegetables, materials, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic | 160 | 28 | 12 | 38 | 500 | 1500 | 400 | 2000 | 5.5 | 7 | 5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 25 | 40 | 300 | clear skies | very bright | clear skies | very bright | medium (50-150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light, wide | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year) | poorly (saturated >50% of year) | NA | NA | tropical wet & dry (Aw), subtropical humid (Cf) | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 49 | 49 | 504 | Basella alba | L. | Magnoliopsida:Caryophyllidae:Caryophyllales:Basellaceae | Basella cordifolia | Malabar spinach, white stem Malabar spinach, Ceylon spinach, Indian spinach, white vine spinach, vine spinach, Malabar nightshade, country spinach, bertalha vermelha, Malabarspinat, basela branca, bertalha branca, basela vermelha, melao de soldado, sabao de soldado | herb | climber/scrambler/scadent | annual, perennial | multi stem | vegetables | grown on small scale | 23 | 27 | 10 | 35 | 2000 | 2500 | 700 | 4200 | 5.5 | 7 | 4.3 | 7.5 | 5 | NA | 20 | 25 | 1500 | clear skies | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 55 | 180 | |||||||
| 50 | 50 | 505 | Basella rubra | L. | Magnoliopsida:Caryophyllidae:Caryophyllales:Basellaceae | Malabar spinach, red stem Malabar spinach, Ceylon spinach, Indian spinach, red vine spinach, vine spinach, Malabar nightshade, Malabarspinat | herb | climber/scrambler/scadent | annual, perennial | multi stem | vegetables, ornamentals/turf | grown on small scale | 23 | 27 | 10 | 35 | 2000 | 2500 | 700 | 4200 | 5.5 | 7 | 4.3 | 7.5 | 5 | NA | 20 | 25 | 1600 | clear skies | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light, organic | high | high | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 55 | 180 | |||||||
| 51 | 51 | 508 | Bauhinia variegata | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | Phanera variegata Benth., Bauhinia variegata L., Bauhinia candida Ait | orchid tree, bauhinia, camels foot, mountain-ebony, poor man's orchid, rakta-kanchan, kachnar, kotidaram, flamboyán orquídea, palo de orquídeas, segapumanchorii | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | forage/pasture, fruits & nuts, vegetables, materials, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic, forest/wood | grown on small scale | 12 | 38 | 5 | 47 | 600 | 2200 | 400 | 2500 | 5.5 | 7 | 5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 30 | 30 | 1800 | very bright | very bright | clear skies | very bright | deep (>>150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | medium, light | high | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | -5 | -1 | tropical wet & dry (Aw), subtropical dry summer (Cs) | drought | fire | 0 | 0 | |||||
| 52 | 52 | 513 | Benincasa hispida | (Thunb.) Cogn. | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Violales:Cucurbitaceae | Benincasa cerifera Savi | wax gourd, winter gourd, fuzzy melon, hairy melon, Chinese squash, Chinese moqua, Chinese preserving melon, Chinese vegetable marrow, Chinese winter melon, moqua, zit-kwa | herb | climber/scrambler/scadent | annual | multi stem, C3 photosynthesis | fruits & nuts | grown on small scale | 24 | 30 | 12 | 37 | 400 | 800 | 300 | 2800 | 5.6 | 6.8 | 5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 20 | 25 | 1500 | very bright | cloudy skies | very bright | light shade | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | light, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | 2 | 0 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 80 | 160 | |||||||
| 53 | 53 | 514 | Beta vulgaris | L. | Magnoliopsida:Caryophyllidae:Caryophyllales:Chenopodiaceae | Silver beet, Beetroot, Sugarbeet, Zuckerrübe | herb | acaulescent (or rosette plants) | biennial | single stem | roots/tubers, vegetables | grown on large scale | 15 | 25 | 4 | 35 | 600 | 800 | 500 | 1000 | 6 | 7 | 5.5 | 7.5 | 30 | NA | 45 | 60 | NA | very bright | light shade | very bright | light shade | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -3 | 0 | long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical dry summer (Cs), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | 160 | 240 | |||||||
| 54 | 54 | 517 | Bidens pilosa | Linnaeus | Magnoliopsida:Asteridae:Asterales:Compositae | Bidens alba (L.) DC., Bidens pilosus var. albus, Bidens abortiva Schum. & Thonn. (1827), Bidens leucantha Willd., Bidens sundaica Blume (1826), Bidens quadrangularis DC., Kerneria dubia Cass., Kerneria tetragona Moench., Bidens odorata | beggar's tick, cobbler's pegs, common blackjack, black jack, Spanish needle, farmer's friend, pitchforks, shepherd's needles, butterfly needles, needleandthread, piquants noirs, amor seco, picao preto, cuamba, xian feng cao, chegogit, fisi'uli, kofe tonga, kofetoga, batimadramadra, mbatimandramandra, mbatikalawau, matakaro, matua kamate, ki, ki nehe, ki pipili, ko'oko'olau, ki nahelehele, nehe, gewone knap-se-kêrel, knapsakkerwel, umhlabangubo, amalenjane, isikhathula, ugamfe, ucucuza, umesisi, uqadolo, piripiri (Cook Islands), tae puaka (Futuna) | herb | erect | annual, perennial | multi stem | vegetables, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic, weed | grown on small scale, harvested from wild | 17 | 32 | 10 | 38 | 800 | 2500 | 500 | 3500 | 4.5 | 8 | 3.5 | 8.5 | NA | NA | 25 | 40 | 2000 | clear skies | very bright | light shade | very bright | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light, organic | medium, light, organic | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -15 | 0 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs) | fire | home garden | 0 | 0 | ||||
| 55 | 55 | 520 | Bixa orellana | L. | annatto, lipstick tree, achiote, urucum, anato, arnato, bija, bijol, bixa, roucou, bixin | shrub, tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem, multi stem | materials, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic, forest/wood | grown on small scale | 20 | 28 | 15 | 36 | 1500 | 2000 | 1250 | 2500 | 5.5 | 7.5 | 4.5 | 8.5 | NA | NA | 20 | 25 | 2000 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light, wide, organic | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | 150 | 365 | ||||||||
| 56 | 56 | 530 | Bothriochloa bladhii | (Retz) S.T. Blake | Liliopsida:Commelinidae:Cyperales:Gramineae | Bothriochloa glabra (Roxb.) A. Camus, Dichanthium bladhii (Retz) Clayton | blue grass | grass | erect | perennial | multi stem | forage/pasture, environmental | grown on large scale | 15 | 28 | 5 | 33 | 750 | 1200 | 600 | 2000 | 6 | 8 | 5.5 | 8.4 | 10 | 10 | 32 | 40 | 2500 | clear skies | light shade | very bright | light shade | medium (50-150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium | heavy, medium | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | -2 | -1 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf) | fire, drought, flooding, grazing/browsing, trampling | large scale/commercial | 150 | 180 | ||||
| 57 | 57 | 536 | Brachiaria brizantha | (Hochst. ex A. Rich) Stapf | Liliopsida:Commelinidae:Cyperales:Gramineae | Brachiaria brizantha var. angustifolia Stent & J.M. Rattray, Panicum brizanthum | bread grass, signal grass, pallisade grass, Ceylon sheep grass, pallisade signal grass, St. Luica grass (En), brachiaria de Abisinia, estrella de Africa, pasto alambe, pasto senal, senal, zacate senal, zacate signal (Sp), brizantao, brizantha, braquiarao, capim braquiaria, capim Marandu, capim ocinde, Marandu (Pt), Ya siknaentontang (Thailand) | grass | erect | perennial | multi stem | forage/pasture, ornamentals/turf, environmental | grown on small scale | 25 | 35 | 15 | 38 | 750 | 2500 | 500 | 4000 | 5 | 6 | 4.5 | 7 | NA | NA | 60 | 60 | 3000 | very bright | cloudy skies | very bright | light shade | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | 90 | 300 | ||||||
| 58 | 58 | 537 | Brachiaria decumbens | Stapf | Liliopsida:Commelinidae:Cyperales:Gramineae | Brachiaria eminii, Brachiaria bequaertii, Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R.D. Webster | Surinam grass, signal grass, Kenya sheep grass, sheep grass, braquiaria decumbens, pasto alambre, pasto braquiaria, pasto chontalpo, pasto de la palizade, pasto de las orillas, pasto peludo, pasto prodigio, zacate prodigio, braquiaria australiano, braquiaria comum, braquiaria de alho, capim brachiaria decumbens, rumput signal, ya-siknaentonnon, ya-surinam | grass | erect | perennial | forage/pasture | grown on large scale | 25 | 35 | 19 | 38 | 1500 | 1800 | 900 | 2400 | 5 | 6 | 4.5 | 6.5 | NA | NA | 24 | 27 | 1800 | very bright | cloudy skies | very bright | light shade | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical dry summer (Cs) | large scale/commercial | 90 | 270 | |||||||
| 59 | 59 | 538 | Brachiaria humidicola | (Rendle) Schweickerdt | Liliopsida:Commelinidae:Cyperales:Gramineae | Brachiaria dictyoneura, Panicum humidicola Rendle | koronivia grass, creeping signal grass, Amazonian kikuyu grass, false creeping paspalum, koronivia grass (En), braquiaria dulce, humidicola, kikuyu de la Amazonia, pasto dulce, pasto humidicola (Sp), capim agulha, pontudinho, quicuio de Amazonia (Pt), ya humidicola (Tha) | grass | erect | perennial | multi stem | forage/pasture, environmental | grown on small scale, harvested from wild | 32 | 35 | 20 | 45 | 1500 | 2000 | 1000 | 3000 | 5 | 6 | 4.5 | 7.5 | 10 | 10 | 30 | 30 | 2000 | very bright | cloudy skies | very bright | light shade | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | drought | fire | 90 | 270 | |||||
| 60 | 60 | 539 | Brachiaria miliiformis | (Presl.) Chase; | Liliopsida:Commelinidae:Cyperales:Gramineae | Panicum distachyum, Panicum miliiforme, Panicum subquadriparum, Brachiaria supquadripara | cori grass, green summer grass, two-spiked panic, two-finger grass, Thurston grass, milha preta | grass | erect | annual, perennial | multi stem | forage/pasture | 24 | 30 | 10 | 35 | 1700 | 2000 | 1200 | 4000 | 5.5 | 6 | 4.5 | 8.7 | NA | NA | 25 | 25 | NA | very bright | cloudy skies | very bright | heavy shade | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 60 | 180 | |||||||
| 61 | 61 | 540 | Brachiaria mutica | (Forsk.) Stapf | Liliopsida:Commelinidae:Cyperales:Gramineae | Brachiaria purpurescens, Panicum purpurescens, Panicum muticum | para grass, Angola grass, buffalo grass, California grass, cori grass, Dutch grass, giant couch, Mauritius signal grass, Mauritius grass, Numidian grass, panicumgrass, Penhalonga grass, Scotch grass, watergrass, admirable, blue grama, capin, gramalote, grama de Para, hierba de Para, hierba del Para, malohillo, malojillo, yerba del parral, Angola, bengo, capim Angola, capim angolinha, capim Colonia, capim de boi, capim de muda, capin fino, herbe de para, para, rumput malela, sukut kolonjono, jukut inggris (Idn), babaka-nalabaga, mara-kawayan (Phl), smau koo (Cmb), ya khon (Tha), co'long tay (Vnm) | grass | erect | perennial | multi stem | forage/pasture, weed | grown on small scale, harvested from wild | 21 | 30 | 15 | 46 | 1200 | 2000 | 900 | 4100 | 5 | 6 | 4.3 | 7.7 | NA | NA | 27 | 27 | 1000 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | light shade | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | 8 | 0 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf) | flooding | can become a weed | 120 | 150 | ||||
| 62 | 62 | 543 | Brachiaria ruziziensis | Germ. & C. Evrard | Liliopsida:Commelinidae:Cyperales:Gramineae | Brachiaria eminii | Congo signal grass, Congo grass, Chinese cabbage, Kennedy ruzi grass, prostrate signal grass, ruzi grass, Congo senal, gambutera, pasto Congo, pasto ruzi, ruzi, ruziziensis, capim Congo, ya ruzi | grass | erect | perennial | multi stem | forage/pasture, environmental | grown on small scale | 25 | 33 | 19 | 40 | 1000 | 2000 | 800 | 2500 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 4.5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 20 | 30 | 2000 | very bright | very bright | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | high | high | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | -1 | -1 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | drought | fire, flooding | 120 | 210 | ||||
| 63 | 63 | 545 | Brachychiton populneus | (Schott & Endl.) R. Br. | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Malvales:Sterculiaceae | Sterculia populnea | kurrajong | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, semi evergreen, single stem | forest/wood | 25 | 32 | 13 | 38 | 450 | 750 | 250 | 1000 | 7 | 8 | 6.5 | 8.5 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 37 | 37 | 1000 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, light | medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | -5 | -1 | short day (<12 hours) | desert or arid (Bw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs) | drought | 90 | 120 | ||||||
| 64 | 64 | 547 | Brassica chinensis | L. | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Capparales:Cruciferae | Brassica chinensis L., Brassica chinensis var. pekinensis L.(Rup.)Sun, Brassica campestris var. chinensis L. [Makino], Brassica campestris var nipposinica L., Brassica campestris var pekinensis L. [Rupr], Brassica pekinensis Rupr., Brassica cernua Matsum | Chinese cabbage, pak choi, pakchoi, Pe-tsai, petsai, wong bok, wongbok, Chinese salad, Chou chinois (Fr), kapisi, kapeti ni jaina (Fiji), kapisi siaina (Tonga, Tuvalu) | herb | acaulescent (or rosette plants) | annual, biennial, perennial | single stem, C3 photosynthesis | vegetables, materials | grown on small scale | 12 | 22 | 8 | 34 | 800 | 1600 | 500 | 2700 | 6 | 7.5 | 5.3 | 8 | NA | NA | 40 | 40 | 1500 | clear skies | cloudy skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do) | 40 | 90 | |||||||
| 65 | 65 | 548 | Brassica juncea | (L.)Czern. | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Capparales:Cruciferae | Sinapis juncea L. | Indian mustard, mustard greens, brown mustard, Chinese mustard | herb | erect | annual | single stem | vegetables, materials | grown on large scale | 15 | 28 | 7 | 40 | 700 | 2400 | 500 | 4200 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 5 | 8 | NA | NA | 40 | 40 | 2000 | clear skies | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -5 | 0 | tropical wet & dry (Aw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical dry summer (Cs), temperate oceanic (Do) | 50 | 100 | |||||||
| 66 | 66 | 549 | Brassica napus | L. | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Capparales:Cruciferae | B. napus L. ssp. oleifera (Moench) Metzg., B. napus L. var. oleifera (Moench) Delile (ssp. napus), B. napus L. ssp. napobrassica (L.) O. Schwarz, B. napus L. ssp. napus sensu Hämet-Ahti et al. | rape, olraps, colza, raapzaad, rypsi, raps, rapsi, oil-seed rape, canola, rutabaga, fodder rape, hungry gap kale, winter oil seed rape, swede rape, Siberian kale, rape seed, swede | herb | erect | annual, biennial | forage/pasture, vegetables, materials | grown on large scale | 15 | 25 | 5 | 41 | 500 | 1000 | 400 | 2800 | 6.5 | 7.6 | 5.5 | 8 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2000 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -15 | -6 | neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | 85 | 340 | |||||||
| 67 | 67 | 550 | Brassica nigra | (L.) Koch. | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Capparales:Cruciferae | Brassica nigra var. abyssinica, Brassica sinapioides, Melanosinapis nigra | black mustard, brown mustard, mustard, red mustard, yellow mustard, wedlock, yellow mustard seed, indian mustard, moutarde noire, moutarde brune, moutarde de l'Inde, moutarde de Chine, chou noir, mostaza negra, mostaza de India, khardal aswad, mostarda negra, mostarda preta, senape nero, brunsenap, svartsenap, sennep, sort sennep, bruine mosterd, zwarte mosterd, junceamosterd, sareptamosterd, must kapsasrohi, mustardo, sinapo, mustasinappi, moster, Schwarzer Senf, Schwarz Senf, Senfkohl, Braunsenf, kruv shachor, hardal shador, fekete mustármag, barna mustarmag, svartsennep, kapusta czarna, kapusta gorczyca, gorczyca czarna, gorchítsa chërnyi, kara hardal, siyah hardal, tohumu, moustarda, sinaposporos, mustaroskorn, mustasa, kadugu, senafich, rai, lal sarsu, biji savi, mohari, spandaan, kuro garashi, krishnikaa, abba, haradali | herb | erect | annual | single stem | materials | 10 | 25 | 5 | 27 | 600 | 1400 | 300 | 2500 | 6 | 7 | 5.3 | 7.8 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | very bright | cloudy skies | very bright | light shade | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -5 | -1 | long day (>14 hours) | steppe or semiarid (Bs), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | 120 | 180 | |||||||
| 68 | 68 | 551 | Allium cepa var. cepa | Liliopsida:Liliidae:Asparagales:Alliaceae | Onions (bulb) | herb | erect | annual, biennial | single stem | vegetables, environmental | grown on large scale, grown on small scale | 12 | 25 | 4 | 30 | 350 | 600 | 300 | 2800 | 6 | 7 | 4.3 | 8.3 | 25 | NA | 35 | 60 | 3000 | clear skies | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | 85 | 175 | |||||||||
| 69 | 69 | 553 | Brassica oleracea var. botrytis | L. [L.] | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Capparales:Cruciferae | Brassica botrytis Miller, Brassica oleracea var botrytis cauliflora | cauliflower, chou fleur (French), coliflor (Spanish), cavolfiore (Italian), broccoli, heading broccoli, brocoli (French), broccoli (Italian), brocoli (Spanish) | herb | erect | biennial | single stem | vegetables | grown on small scale | 10 | 25 | 5 | 30 | 600 | 1100 | 450 | 1900 | 6 | 7 | 5.5 | 8.5 | 30 | NA | 55 | 60 | 2000 | cloudy skies | cloudy skies | very bright | light shade | deep (>>150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -5 | -5 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw), boreal (E) | 60 | 120 | ||||||
| 70 | 70 | 554 | Brassica oleracea var. capitata | L. [Alef.] | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Capparales:Cruciferae | Brassica capitata hort., Brassica oleracae var bullata (Savoy cabbage), Brassica oleracea var capitata sabauda (Savoy cabb | cabbage, Shetland cabbage, Savoy cabbage, white cabbage, red cabbage, chou (Fr), repollo (Spanish), cavolo (Italian), kraut (German), kapeti kovu (Fiji), kapisi palangi (Tuvalu), kapisi, kebis | herb | acaulescent (or rosette plants) | biennial | single stem | vegetables | grown on small scale | 15 | 24 | 7 | 32 | 500 | 1000 | 300 | 2500 | 6 | 7.5 | 5 | 8.3 | 35 | NA | 55 | 60 | 2000 | clear skies | clear skies | very bright | light shade | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -10 | -1 | neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), desert or arid (Bw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | 60 | 200 | ||||||
| 71 | 71 | 555 | Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera | L. [Zenker] | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Capparales:Cruciferae | Brussels sprouts, chou de Bruxelles (French), col de bruselas (Spanish), cavolini di Bruxelles (Italian) | herb | erect | annual, biennial | single stem | vegetables | grown on large scale | 12 | 20 | 7 | 25 | 900 | 1600 | 500 | 3000 | 6 | 7 | 4.5 | 7.8 | 30 | 10 | 45 | 60 | 2000 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -5 | -5 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw), boreal (E) | home garden, small scale (manual) | 100 | 130 | ||||||
| 72 | 72 | 556 | Brassica oleracea var. italica | L. [Plenck] | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Capparales:Cruciferae | Brassica campestris var ruvo L., Brassica oleracae var botrytis cymosa L. | broccoli, sprouting broccoli, spear cauliflower, calabrese, cape broccoli, winter, purple cauliflower, nine-star perennial broccoli | herb | erect | biennial | single stem | vegetables | grown on small scale | 15 | 24 | 3 | 35 | 900 | 1500 | 350 | 2000 | 6 | 6.8 | 5.5 | 8.5 | 35 | NA | 55 | 60 | 2000 | cloudy skies | cloudy skies | clear skies | light shade | medium (50-150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -5 | -1 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | 80 | 120 | ||||||
| 73 | 73 | 565 | Broussonetia papyrifera | (L.) Vent. | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Urticales:Moraceae | paper mulberry, tapa, masi, ai masi, malo, u'a, hiapo, Polynesian mulberry, Tapa plant | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | fruits & nuts, materials, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic | grown on small scale | 15 | 28 | 12 | 38 | 800 | 2500 | 500 | 3000 | 5 | 7.5 | 4.5 | 8 | NA | NA | 41 | 43 | 2000 | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | very bright | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium, light, wide | heavy, medium, light, wide | moderate | low | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -10 | 0 | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | drought | can become a weed | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| 74 | 74 | 576 | Cajanus cajan | (L.) Millsp. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | Cajanus bicolor DC., Cajanus flavus DC., Cajanus indicus Sprengel, Cajanus indicus var. bicolor (DC.) Kuntze, Cajanus indicus var. flavus (DC.) Kuntze, Cajanus indicus var. maculatus Kuntze, Cajanus luteus Bello, Cytisus cajan L., Cajanus cajan forma bicolor (DC.) Baker, Cajanus cajan var. bicolor (DC.) Purseglove, Cajanus cajan var. flavus (DC.) Purseglove, Cajanus obcordifolia D.N.Singh, Cajanus pseudocajan (Jacq.) Schinz & Guillaumin | congo pea, pigeon pea, frijol de arbol, gandul, gandures, guandul, guand, guandú, kumanda yvyra'í (Paraguay), gungo pea, lenteja, pigeon pea bush, pois cajan, pois congo, pois d'angole, pois d'angolie, Pigeonerbse, pwa angole, arhar, quinchonchillo, quinchoncho, thuvarai, duiweboon | shrub | prostrate/procumbent/semi-erect | perennial | multi stem, C3 photosynthesis | vegetables | grown on large scale | 18 | 38 | 10 | 45 | 600 | 1500 | 400 | 4000 | 5 | 7 | 4.5 | 8.4 | NA | NA | 25 | 30 | 3000 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | 90 | 365 | |||||||
| 75 | 75 | 588 | Calophyllum inophyllum | (Willd.) | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Guttiferales:Guttiferae | Alexandria laurel, Indian laurel, nabangura, tamanu, dilo, te itai, fetau, Kamani, Beauty leaf | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem | fruits & nuts, materials, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic, forest/wood, environmental | grown on small scale | 28 | 35 | 10 | 42 | 2000 | 4000 | 750 | 5000 | 5.5 | 7 | 5 | 8 | NA | NA | 25 | 25 | 200 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | light | medium, light | moderate | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year) | poorly (saturated >50% of year) | -1 | -1 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw) | wind, coastal salt spray | fire | 365 | 365 | |||||
| 76 | 76 | 594 | Allium tuberosum | Rott. ex Spreng | Liliopsida:Liliidae:Asparagales:Alliaceae | Allium odoratum L. | Chinese chives, Oriental garlic, nira, cuchay, ku ts'ai, cebolinho da China | herb | erect | annual, perennial | vegetables, medicinals & aromatic | grown on large scale | 10 | 20 | 2 | 35 | 850 | 2200 | 300 | 4000 | 6 | 6.8 | 5.3 | 8.3 | 30 | NA | 60 | 60 | 2000 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | high | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw), boreal (E) | 70 | 100 | |||||||
| 77 | 77 | 595 | Calopogonium caeruleum | (Benth.) Hemsley | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | herb, vine | climber/scrambler/scadent | perennial | multi stem | forage/pasture, cover crop, environmental | grown on small scale | 18 | 25 | 10 | 32 | 1000 | 2000 | 700 | 3000 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 4 | 6.5 | NA | NA | 25 | 25 | 800 | very bright | cloudy skies | very bright | heavy shade | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -1 | -1 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 365 | 365 | ||||||||
| 78 | 78 | 596 | Calopogonium mucunoides | Desv. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | calopo | herb, vine | climber/scrambler/scadent | annual, perennial | multi stem | cover crop, environmental | grown on small scale | 24 | 32 | 18 | 36 | 1300 | 2500 | 900 | 4300 | 4.5 | 5.7 | 4.3 | 8 | NA | NA | 30 | 30 | 2000 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | -1 | -1 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf) | can become a weed | 120 | 180 | ||||||
| 79 | 79 | 599 | Camellia sinensis | (L.) O. Kuntz | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Theales:Theaceae | tea, ti, chah, cha, tee | shrub | erect | perennial | evergreen, multi stem | materials, medicinals & aromatic | grown on large scale | 20 | 30 | 8 | 35 | 1400 | 2000 | 1000 | 5000 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 4 | 6 | NA | NA | 27 | 43 | 2200 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | light shade | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | -5 | 0 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf) | mono culture may cause erosion problems | large scale/commercial | 240 | 365 | |||||
| 80 | 80 | 601 | Campnosperma brevipetiolata | Volkens | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Sapindales:Anacardiaceae | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem | forest/wood | 28 | 34 | 16 | 38 | 3000 | 4000 | 2000 | 5000 | 5 | 6 | 4.5 | 7 | NA | NA | 8 | 8 | 1000 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | deep (>>150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium | heavy, medium, light, organic | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | -1 | -1 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw) | 300 | 365 | |||||||||
| 81 | 81 | 603 | Cananga odorata | (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thoms. | Magnoliopsida:Magnoliidae:Magnoliales:Annonaceae | Canangium odoratum Baill. | ylang ylang, moso'oi, makosoi, mokosoi, mokohoi, cadmia, ilang-ilang, cananga | tree | erect | perennial | single stem | materials, medicinals & aromatic | grown on large scale | 20 | 30 | 16 | 34 | 1500 | 2000 | 700 | 2800 | 5 | 6.5 | 4.5 | 8 | 12 | 10 | 20 | 25 | 500 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | 5 | 5 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 180 | 365 | ||||||
| 82 | 82 | 606 | Canarium indicum | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Sapindales:Burseraceae | Canarium commune L., Canarium amboinense Hochr., Canarium moluccanum Blume, Canarium zephyrium Rumphius | ngali nut, canarium almond, canarium nut, nut - ngali, kenari ambon, jal, kanari bagéa, galip, lawela, hinuei, kenari, nangai | tree | erect | perennial | single stem | fruits & nuts, ornamentals/turf, forest/wood | grown on small scale | 22 | 28 | 10 | 34 | 2000 | 4000 | 1200 | 6000 | 6 | 7.5 | 5.5 | 8.1 | NA | NA | 20 | 25 | 1000 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | low | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | home garden, small scale (manual) | 240 | 300 | |||||
| 83 | 83 | 609 | Canavalia ensiformis | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | Canavalia ensifolia (in N.I. Vavilof: "Five Continents"") | Canavalia gladiata DC. var. ensiformis DC. | Canavalia ensiformis (DC.) Makino | Dolichos ensiformis L." | jack bean, sword bean, horse gram, Brazilian broad bean, coffee bean, ensiform bean, horse bean, mole bean, bean-jack, Patagonian bean, haricot sabre, pois sabre, haricot sabre à grain blanc, fève jacques, haricot de Madagascar, frijol papa, papa, feijao de porco, feijão espada, yang dao dou, da dao dou, dao dou, bai dao dou, jackbohne, Madagaskarbohne, schwertbohne, tachinata mame, shiro nata mame, tsurunachinata mame, jackbønne, kara bendo, zwaardboon, kumanda guazú | herb, vine, sub-shrub | erect, prostrate/procumbent/semi-erect | annual, perennial | multi stem | pulses (grain legumes), forage/pasture, cover crop | grown on large scale | 20 | 28 | 14 | 36 | 800 | 2000 | 600 | 4300 | 5 | 6 | 4.3 | 8 | 20 | NA | 40 | 50 | 1800 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | light shade | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light, organic | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | |||||
| 84 | 84 | 612 | Canna indica | L. | Liliopsida:Zingiberidae:Zingiberales:Cannaceae | canna lily, fagamanu, gasau ni ga | herb | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem | roots/tubers, materials, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic, environmental | grown on small scale | 12 | 32 | 14 | 24 | 1000 | 4500 | 500 | 5000 | 5.5 | 7.5 | 5 | 8 | NA | NA | 40 | 51 | 2000 | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | very bright | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium, organic | heavy, medium, organic | high | moderate | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), temperate oceanic (Do) | wind | 0 | 0 | |||||||||
| 85 | 85 | 618 | Capsicum annuum | L. | Magnoliopsida:Asteridae:Solanales:Solanaceae | Capsicum annuum var. acuminatum Fingerh., Capsicum longum DC. | sweet pepper, chili pepper, green pepper, lajiao, pimenton, poivre de Guinee, paprika, spansk peppar, spaanse peper, peperone, pimentao, struchkovy pyerets, togarashi, hsiung-ya-li-chiao, filfil ahmar, polo papalagi, polo ula | herb | erect | annual | vegetables, medicinals & aromatic | grown on large scale | 17 | 30 | 8 | 35 | 600 | 1250 | 500 | 1700 | 5.5 | 6.8 | 4.5 | 7 | NA | NA | 50 | 50 | 3000 | very bright | very bright | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, organic | medium, light | moderate | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | home garden, large scale/commercial, protected cultivation | 60 | 180 | ||||||
| 86 | 86 | 621 | Capsicum frutescens | L. | Magnoliopsida:Asteridae:Solanales:Solanaceae | cayenne pepper, perennial pepper, pimenton, poivre rouge, cayennepfeffer, kajennepeppar, cayennepepper, pepe di caienna, kayenski pyerets, la-chiao, filfil ahmar, chilli, hot pepper, tabasco pepper, polo, boro ni vavalagi, rokete, brandrissie, mircha, te beneka, polo fifisi, Sili | sub-shrub | erect | perennial | multi stem | fruits & nuts | grown on small scale | 18 | 30 | 7 | 40 | 600 | 1500 | 400 | 2000 | 5.5 | 6.8 | 4.3 | 8.3 | NA | NA | 40 | 40 | 2000 | very bright | very bright | very bright | cloudy skies | shallow (20-50 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | 120 | 180 | ||||||||
| 87 | 87 | 630 | Carica papaya | L. | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Violales:Caricaceae | Papaya carica Gaertn. | papaya, pawpaw, melon tree, papayier, arbre de melon, gedang, kates, betek, ketalah, kapaya, lapaya, thimbaw, lhong, doeum lahong, houng, malakor, loko, ma kuai thet, du du, esi, weleti, lesi, te papaya (Kiribati), loku(Niue), minita (Cook I), maniako (Simbo), Olesi (Tuvalu), takafo, papita, lechosa (Ven.) | herb | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem | fruits & nuts, medicinals & aromatic | grown on large scale, grown on small scale | 21 | 30 | 12 | 44 | 1500 | 2500 | 1000 | 3000 | 5.5 | 7 | 4.5 | 8 | NA | NA | 30 | 32 | 2100 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | -1 | -1 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | small scale (manual), large scale/commercial | 330 | 365 | |||||
| 88 | 88 | 633 | Casimiroa edulis | Llave & Lex. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Sapindales:Rutaceae | Zanthoxylum bombacifolium, Zanthoxylum araliaceum, Fagara bombacifolia | casimiroa, Mexican apple, white sapote, sapote blanc, zapote blanco, chapote, matasano, cacchique, ceaxmisttea, cochitzapoti | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem | fruits & nuts, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic | grown on small scale | 18 | 26 | 14 | 31 | 1500 | 3000 | 500 | 4000 | 7 | 7.5 | 6.5 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 3000 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | -2 | -2 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical dry summer (Cs) | home garden | 210 | 330 | |||||
| 89 | 89 | 634 | Cassia alata | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | Senna alata (L.) Roxb. | candle bush, candalabra bush, candle stick, craw craw plant, christmas candle shrub, empress candle plant, ringworm bush, ringworm shrub, roman candletree, senna, winged senna, Cassia Alatae Folium, andadasi, andadasi-ng-bugbugtong, andadasl-a-dadakkel, bai nicagi, cây lâc, muòng trâu, chumhet thet, chumhet yai, dadmurdan, gelenggang, gamot sa buni, pakagonkon, katanda, katandang aso, kapurko, acapulko, akapulko, bayabas-bayabasab, ketepeng cina, la'au fai lafa, mulamula, pakayomkon kastila, ta si pho, te'elango | herb, shrub | erect | perennial | evergreen, deciduous, multi stem | materials, medicinals & aromatic | 23 | 29 | 12 | 33 | 1500 | 2500 | 640 | 4290 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 4.3 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 1000 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | 210 | 365 | |||||||
| 90 | 90 | 635 | Cassia fistula | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | golden shower, Indian laburnum | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | ornamentals/turf, forest/wood, environmental | 18 | 30 | 4 | 48 | 1000 | 2000 | 500 | 3500 | 6 | 7 | 5.5 | 7.8 | 15 | 15 | 35 | 35 | 800 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | light shade | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | -4 | -1 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), steppe or semiarid (Bs) | 240 | 330 | ||||||||
| 91 | 91 | 639 | Cassia occidentalis | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Fabales:Leguminosae | Cassia foetida Pers., Cassia planisilliqua L., Ditramexa occidentalis Britt. & Wils. | coffee senna | shrub | erect | annual, perennial | multi stem | fruits & nuts, ornamentals/turf, environmental | 22 | 28 | 9 | 32 | 1000 | 1700 | 640 | 4300 | 6 | 7 | 4.5 | 8.4 | NA | NA | 20 | 20 | 1740 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | can become a weed | 210 | 330 | ||||||
| 92 | 92 | 644 | Castilla elastica | Sesse | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Urticales:Moraceae | Panama rubber tree, castilloa rubber | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, multi stem | forest/wood | 23 | 30 | 15 | 34 | 2300 | 2700 | 2000 | 3000 | 5 | 6 | 4.5 | 7 | NA | NA | 21 | 21 | 500 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | deep (>>150 cm) | deep (>>150 cm) | medium | medium | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | 10 | 10 | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 330 | 365 | ||||||||
| 93 | 93 | 646 | Casuarina equisetifolia | J.R. & G. Forst. | Magnoliopsida:Hamamelidae:Casuarinales:Casuarinaceae | she oak, south sea ironwood, horsetail tree, nokonoko, te katurina, toa, Australian pine, ironwood | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem, C3 photosynthesis | materials, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic, forest/wood, environmental, weed | grown on small scale | 20 | 35 | 10 | 40 | 700 | 3500 | 200 | 5000 | 5 | 6.5 | 4 | 8.5 | 15 | 12 | 25 | 31.5 | 1500 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | low | low | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), desert or arid (Bw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs) | coastal salt spray | can become a weed | 100 | 270 | |||||
| 94 | 94 | 648 | Casuarina oligodon | Magnoliopsida:Hamamelidae:Casuarinales:Casuarinaceae | tree | erect | perennial | evergreen, single stem | forest/wood, environmental | grown on small scale | 22 | 28 | 10 | 32 | 2200 | 2600 | 1900 | 5000 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 4.5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 10 | 20 | 2500 | very bright | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light, organic | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | poorly (saturated >50% of year), well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf) | 365 | 365 | |||||||||
| 95 | 95 | 652 | Catharanthus roseus | (L.) G. Don. | Magnoliopsida:Asteridae:Gentianales:Apocynaceae | Vinca rosea L., Lochnera rosea Reichb | periwinkle, Madagascar periwinkle, Cape periwinkle, red periwinkle, vinca | herb, sub-shrub | erect | annual, perennial | multi stem | ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic | grown on large scale, grown on small scale | 20 | 30 | 10 | 34 | 1000 | 1200 | 800 | 1400 | 6 | 7 | 5.5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 45 | 60 | NA | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium | medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw), temperate oceanic (Do), temperate continental (Dc), temperate with humid winters (Df), temperate with dry winters (Dw) | home garden, large scale/commercial | 180 | 365 | |||||
| 96 | 96 | 656 | Cedrela odorata | L. | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Sapindales:Meliaceae | West Indian cedar, Spanish cedar, Barbados cedar, Mexican cedar, Honduras cedar, kulche, cedro do Mexico, cedro cheiroso, cedro femea, cedrela | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | materials, ornamentals/turf, medicinals & aromatic, forest/wood, environmental | 22 | 32 | 11 | 39 | 1000 | 2500 | 600 | 3700 | 6 | 7 | 5.5 | 8 | NA | NA | 26 | 28 | 1900 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | heavy, medium, light | heavy, medium, light | high | low | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 240 | 300 | ||||||||
| 97 | 97 | 658 | Ceiba pentandra | (L.) Gaertn. | Magnoliopsida:Dilleniidae:Malvales:Bombacaceae | Bombax pentandrum L., Eriodendron anfractuosum DC. | kapok, kapok tree, silk-cotton tree, Java cotton, god tree, ceiba, vavau ni lokoloko, vavae, white silk-cottontree, capoc, fromager, kapokier, Kapokbaum, sumauma, sumauma da varzea, poilao da sumauma, poilao forro, mafuma, mafumeira, paina lisa, ceba, oca', arbol capoc | tree | erect | perennial | deciduous, single stem | forage/pasture, fruits & nuts, materials, forest/wood, environmental | grown on small scale | 17 | 38 | 12 | 40 | 1500 | 2500 | 750 | 3000 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | 15 | 30 | 900 | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | deep (>>150 cm) | medium (50-150 cm) | medium | medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | -1 | -1 | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 270 | 330 | ||||||
| 98 | 98 | 660 | Celosia argentea | L. | Magnoliopsida:Caryophyllidae:Caryophyllales:Amaranthaceae | Celosia cristata L., Celosia linearis Sweet ex Hook.f. | Celosia | herb | erect | annual | vegetables | grown on small scale | 25 | 30 | 20 | 40 | 1500 | 2500 | 1000 | 3000 | 6 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 7.5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | very bright | very bright | very bright | clear skies | medium (50-150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | heavy, medium, light, organic | heavy, medium, light | high | moderate | low (<4 dS/m) | low (<4 dS/m) | well (dry spells) | well (dry spells) | 5 | 5 | tropical wet & dry (Aw), tropical wet (Ar) | 30 | 120 | ||||||||
| 99 | 99 | 666 | Cenchrus ciliaris | L. | Liliopsida:Commelinidae:Cyperales:Gramineae | Pennisetum cenchroides Rich., Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link, Pennisetum ciliare var. ciliare, Cenchrus ciliarus | African foxtail, blue buffalo grass, foxtail buffalo grass, buffelgrass, buffel grass, buffelsgrass, bloubuffelsgras, koluk katai | grass | erect | perennial | multi stem, C4 photosynthesis | forage/pasture | grown on large scale | 22 | 37 | 5 | 42 | 400 | 1000 | 100 | 3500 | 6.5 | 8 | 5.5 | 8.5 | NA | NA | 35 | 40 | 2000 | clear skies | very bright | cloudy skies | very bright | deep (>>150 cm) | shallow (20-50 cm) | medium, light | heavy, medium, light | moderate | low | low (6-15% of CEC) | low (6-15% of CEC) | low (<4 dS/m) | medium (4-10 dS/m) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | well (dry spells), excessive (dry/moderately dry) | NA | NA | short day (<12 hours), neutral day (12-14 hours), long day (>14 hours) | tropical wet & dry (Aw), steppe or semiarid (Bs), subtropical humid (Cf), subtropical dry summer (Cs), subtropical dry winter (Cw) | fire, drought, grazing/browsing, trampling | large scale/commercial | 120 | 180 | ||
| 100 | 100 | 669 | Centella asiatica | (L.)Urban | Magnoliopsida:Rosidae:Apiales:Umbelliferae | Hydrocotyle asiatica L. (1753) | Asiatic pennywort, Indian pennywort, marsh pennywort, tiger herbal, waternavel, gotu cola, water pennywort, hydrocotyle asiatique, centela, pegaga, trachiek kranh, duan Kaki Kuda, pegagan, antanan Gede, phak Nok, brahma-manduki, brahmi, min-kuabin, ghod Tapre, takip-kohol, tapingan-daga, hang-halo, icukudwane, totodro, tono, lapukapu, to'etupou, tona, tohetupou, bua bok, pa-na-e khaa-doh, phak wan, rau ma, lien tien thao, phae chen, tish tuyest tharo | herb | prostrate/procumbent/semi-erect | perennial | vegetables, medicinals & aromatic | grown on small scale, harvested from wild | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2500 | cloudy skies | very bright | light shade | very bright | high | moderate | NA | NA | 0 | 0 |
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CREATE TABLE [plants] ( "eco_port_code" TEXT, "scientific_name" TEXT, "author" TEXT, "family_name" TEXT, "synonym" TEXT, "common_name" TEXT, "life_form" TEXT, "habitat" TEXT, "light_span" TEXT, "physiology" TEXT, "category" TEXT, "plant_type" TEXT, "optimal_min_temp" TEXT, "optimal_max_temp" TEXT, "absolute_min_temp" TEXT, "absolute_max_temp" TEXT, "optimal_min_rainfall" TEXT, "optimal_max_rainfall" TEXT, "absolute_min_rainfall" TEXT, "absolute_max_rainfall" TEXT, "optimal_min_ph" TEXT, "optimal_max_ph" TEXT, "absolute_min_ph" TEXT, "absolute_max_ph" TEXT, "optimal_min_latitude" TEXT, "optimal_max_latitude" TEXT, "absolute_min_latitude" TEXT, "absolute_max_latitude" TEXT, "max_altitude" TEXT, "optimal_min_light" TEXT, "optimal_max_light" TEXT, "absolute_min_light" TEXT, "absolute_max_light" TEXT, "soil_depth_required" TEXT, "soil_depth_rating" TEXT, "soil_texture_required" TEXT, "soil_texture_rating" TEXT, "fertilizer_required" TEXT, "fertilizer_rating" TEXT, "toxicity_tolerance" TEXT, "toxicity_rating" TEXT, "salt_tolerance" TEXT, "salt_tolerance_rating" TEXT, "drainage_required" TEXT, "drainage_rating" TEXT, "killing_temp_rating" TEXT, "killing_temp" TEXT, "photosynthesis_type" TEXT, "climatic_zone" TEXT, "absolute_tolerance" TEXT, "abiotic_susceptibility" TEXT, "introgression" TEXT, "prosystem" TEXT, "min_growing_days" TEXT, "max_growing_days" TEXT );